Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Explain the Potential Effects of Five Different Life...

Rachel Fry - P2- Explain the potential effects of five different life factors on the development of an individual. Life Factors There are five life factors that can effect a person’s growth and development, these are; †¢ Genetic †¢ Biological †¢ Environmental †¢ Socioeconomic †¢ Lifestyle Genetic Factors Determinism/Choice and Interaction Determinism is the belief that your future is fixed or determined, either by what you have genetically inherited or by your social environment and experience. The alternative to determinism is choice and interaction this is the belief that people can take control of their own lives through the choices they make. It is sometimes referred to as the ‘free will’ viewpoint. Genetic Factors†¦show more content†¦Bilirubin (which causes the yellow color) from these broken down cells builds up in the system causing jaundice. †¢ Priapism. A painful obstruction of the penis by sickle cells. If not promptly treated, it can result in impotence. Any and all major organs are affected by sickle cell disease. The liver, heart, kidneys, gallbladder, eyes, bones, and joints can suffer damage from the abnormal function of the sickle cells and their inability to flow through the small blood vessels correctly. Problems may include the following: †¢ Increased infections †¢ Leg ulcers †¢ Bone damage †¢ Early gallstones †¢ Kidney damage and loss of body water in the urine †¢ Eye damage †¢ Multiple organ failure Development Delays in reference to a child aged 6-18 Physical Development – Due to the low levels of red blood cells, this hinders the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to organs, tissues and cells. People with Sickle Cell Anemia will have a lower than average height and weight than those with normal hemoglobin. This lower than average height and weight continues until late adolescence. Many children with sickle cell anemia will also experience puberty at a later stage at around 13-14 years of age for girls and 13 ½-14 ½ years of age for boys, rather than the average age of puberty for children who are unaffected by sickle cell anemiaShow MoreRelatedExplain the Potential Effects of Five Different Life Factors on the Development of an Individual3069 Words   |  13 PagesP2 – Explain the potential effects of five different life factors on the development of an individual Genetics affect who you will grow to be in many ways. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the language of life that is within every living thing, genetic instructions that form what we will become. There is still much of the language that scientists don’t understand, but after extensive research scientists have found that certain gene codes actually relate to increased chances of developing a cancer orRead MoreExplain the Potential Effects of Five Different Life Factors on the Development of an Individual1779 Words   |  8 PagesExplain the potential effects of five different life factors on the development of an individual There are five different types of factors that can influence the development an individual for example, lifestyle influences, socio-economic influences, genetic influences, biological influences and environmental influences. Lifestyle In relation to Stephen, a lifestyle factor could be alcohol. If Stephen had taken alcohol these would have been the effects tha t would or could have happened. Many peopleRead MoreThe Potential Effects Of Five Different Life Factors On The Development Of An Individual1716 Words   |  7 PagesP2: explain the potential effects of five different life factors on the development of an individual Introduction There are different factors that can influence an individual’s development. When an individual is developing there are different biological and environmental factors that can determine the way they are, the way they act and the way they develop. It all depends on a combination of both environmental and biological influences. In this assignment I will talk about the five life factors thatRead MoreLifespan Development : Cognitive, And Personal And Social Development1717 Words   |  7 PagesLifespan Development is the field of study that examines patterns, modes of growth, change, and stability in behavior that occur throughout the entire lifespan of an individual. There are so many things to keep in mind about Lifespan Psychology; 1. Lifespan Psychology is a scientific, developmental approach that focuses on human development. 2. Scientists who study the lifespan know that neither heredity nor environment alone can account for the full range of human development. 3. Development is a continuingRead MoreBronfenbrenner s Theory Of Human Development1673 Words   |  7 PagesBronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Theory Background The study and research of human development has always been intriguing and intensive. There are five perspectives commonly discussed: psychoanalytic, learning, cognitive, contextual, and evolutionary/sociobiological. Those who follow the contextual perspective believe that development can be understood only in its social context. Also, they observe the individual as an inseparable component of the environment. Psychologist Urie Bronfenbrenner isRead MoreEssay on P2 Unit 4 Health and Social Care1421 Words   |  6 PagesP2 – Explain the potential effects of five different life factors, on the development of an individual There are different factors that can influence a person development. When a person is developing that are different biological and environment factors that can determinate the way they are, how they act and how they develop. It all depends on a combination of both biological inheritance and the environment influences. In this assignment I will talk about how five different factors affect an individualRead MorePersonality Is Developed From Genes ( Nature ) Or Influenced By Environment ( Nurture ) Essay1436 Words   |  6 Pagespersonalities change. Different scholarly-based material was used to support either stance on the issue. The articles and research helped to decipher the roles of parents, genes, biology, the environment, experiences, and culture in a person’s personality. Personality theories were inputted to come to a conclusion on the subject of interest that is derived from actions, emotions, and attitudes. Many contemporary psychologists have distinguished five clus ters of personality traits called the Big Five. The resultsRead MoreJuvenile Justice Of Biological And Biosocial Theories983 Words   |  4 Pagessystem of the reasons behind some of the delinquencies that have been vetted out on others as a result of the homes in which they are from. It has been difficult to explain however the specific implications as a result of the biological influence such as the genetic makeup of the child. The biological factors as well as the biosocial factor according to some theorists have been proven to influence criminal behaviors in the children. It is therefore as a result that this author, has set out to investigateRead MoreReflection On Child Development And Education1134 Words   |  5 Pagesrole in the educational system. Additionally, I learned that a teacher who is sensitive to these factors can make a big impact of the lives of their students. The videos provided great insight into the lives of a preschool student. They showcased how preschool students learn best when they are having fun and when you tap into the inquisitive side of their brains. Also, that we underestimate the potential their little minds carry. This is why we should ask the hard questions and use the complex languageRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1646 Words   |  7 Pagestheory (Maslow, 1943). The outcome of this paper is to explain how motivation is different for each person and why some factors (cultural and situational) may influence motivation and the effect. Motivation is a concept that this author struggles on a daily basis but has recently changed in a positive way because the goal (completing a bachelor’s degree) that was started thirty years ago is within reach. The cultural and situational factors has had and continue to have an impact on this author’s

Monday, December 23, 2019

E-Business Assignment - 4191 Words

E-Business Assignment NAME: GONG YUCHENG DATE: 02/2003 The Internet and Web provide an infrastructure that enables buyers and sellers to find each other online. Companies are now having new sales channels for their products and services, and numerous electronic markets are available for buying and selling at offer prices or through various auction mechanism. Therefore, e-business could include almost all of the issues facing companies who practice business online, including: payment processing, software applications that manage customers or trading partners, outsourced applications and globalization. In the past two years, e-business seems to have permeated every aspect of daily life. In just a short time, both individuals and†¦show more content†¦Even more, the brand value of Ford has arrived $36.4 billion which is in the first place of automobile industry. There are basically four components of a business model as Rayport and Jaworski (2001) pointed out: 1) A value proposition or a value cluster for targeted customers ¡Ã‚ ªproducts; 2) A marketspace offering ¡Ã‚ ªmarket; 3) A unique, defendable resource system; 4) Financial model. Firstly, a value proposition or a value cluster is one of the most important components of a business model. The construction of a value proposition or a value cluster requires management to specify the following three items according to Rayport and Jaworski (2001): (1) choice of target segment/segments, (2) choice of focal customer benefits/combination benefits, (3) rationale for why the firm/and its partners can deliver the benefit package significantly better than competitors. The difference between a value proposition and a value cluster might because the customization capabilities is available to online business, multiple segments of clusters can be addressed with a variety or combination of benefits offered. l Choice of segment/segments: As we already knew that at the beginning of the both companies their segment is automobile. With the growth, they attend to diversify their productsShow MoreRelatedE-Business Assignment2231 Words   |  9 PagesStudent name: Marcelo Chabes Student number: 3783 Class: MKT 1 Assignment 1 - Compare the E-Business strategies of TWO companies. Case study chosen: Amazon.com X Submarino.com Introduction Firstly let’s talk about Amazon Inc. which is an American e-commerce company in Seattle, Washington. Amazon was one of the first major companies to sell goods by Internet, and was an iconic stock in which to invest of the late 1990s dot-com bubble. Launched on line in 1995, Amazon.com started asRead MoreE G Tutoring Services Llc Business Plan Assignment2152 Words   |  9 PagesE G Tutoring Services LLC Business Plan Assignment E G Tutoring Services LLC, proposed in 2016, will be a Pennsylvania, United States based company that offers tutoring services to high school and college math students. The company is a limited liability company (LLC). The business owner has an aggressive growth outlook with plans of being international within five years of operations. E G Tutoring Services LLC is founded by Eric M. Griggs while Eric attends Liberty University as an undergraduateRead More4.724: E-Business Individual Assignment Prepared for: Daniel Vidal Prepared by: Nisha1200 Words   |  5 Pages 4.724: E-Business Individual Assignment Prepared for: Daniel Vidal Prepared by: Nisha Angadi ID: 20130070 Table of Content Page Introduction 3 Cybermediaries for Cars 3 Similarities between the cybermediaries 4 Differences between the cybermediaries 5 Benefits provided to the consumers 6 Revenue model 8 Conclusion 9 Reference List 9 Introduction Nature of doing business, over a periodRead More1. Background This assignment examines the e-business strategies implemented in Strada Cafe – An900 Words   |  4 Pages 1. Background This assignment examines the e-business strategies implemented in Strada Cafe – An Italian gourmet chain owned by Tragus group. Strada - A concept spawned in 2000 grew up to 30 odd chain restaurants before it changed hands, which was further expanded to nothing less than 55 restaurants. It grew up in a steady phase with the aim of establishing itself as a combination of ethnic Italian dining combined with the power of today’s technology. Tragus group ltd. established Strada as a chainRead MoreAssignment 3: Critique e-business operations from each of the following four perspectives: on-line payments, customer satisfaction, supply chain management, and advertising products/and services1403 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Assignment 3: Critique e-business operations from each of the following four perspectives: on-line payments, customer satisfaction, supply chain management, and advertising products/and services On-line shopping has continued to spike as more and more people turn to the convenience of the internet. Although it is convenient to shop from the privacy of your home, the perspective of on-line payment does present some challenges. Both the customer and the vendor are concernedRead MoreBusiness Skills for e-commerce Essay1071 Words   |  5 PagesUNIT 1 – Business Skills for e-Commerce Assignment No 1 – Sit 1 Assignment Cover Sheet Qualification HND MQC Level 5 - Diploma in Computing and Systems Development Assignment No Sit No Type Unit number and title U1 – Business Skills for e-Commerce 1/2 1 Academic Year Student Group Home 2013/2014 HND1 - PM Student Name Surname Student ID No Student Email Assessor name Assignment IV Date of Verification Stefan Attard Sarah Diacono Read MoreElectronic Commerce and Global Impact951 Words   |  4 PagesBTEC Level 4/5 HNC/HND in Computing and Systems Development Assignment 2012-13 Unit 1 – business skills for e-commerce Student Name: | | Assignment: | Assignment 2 – ‘E-Solutions’ – The Impact of E-Commerce | Hand Out Date: | W/B 24 September 2012 | Hand In Date: | W/B 21 January 2013 | Assessor: | Sue Brandreth | Internal Verifier: | Paula Hobday | This assignment brief has been verified as fit for purpose:- IV Signature: IV Date: | GradingRead MoreBusiness Skills for Ecommerce1474 Words   |  6 PagesSystems Development Business Skills for e-Commerce Assignment Tutor: Steve Presland 1 Introduction This assignment will enable you to apply the business skills needed to design an eCommerce solution for a music production company. You will need to consider the organisation and processes of the company and consider what the impact of the Internet and e-Commerce has been on the company. Answers to the tasks will demonstrate: 1: An understanding of the structure and aims of business organisations. 2:Read MoreCourse schedule IST7100 1 1 1589 Words   |  7 Pagesneeds of the organization, its business units, and individual employees; 4) Approaches to managing the information systems’ function in organizations, including examination of the dual challenges of effectively controlling the use of well-established information technologies, while experimenting with selected emerging technologies; and 5) The role of the CIO. II. RATIONALE Students develop an understanding of the strategic use of information technology from a business perspective at the enterpriseRead MoreThe Third Artefact For My Portfolio1475 Words   |  6 PagesThe third artefact for my portfolio was Assignment 3 in course Mdde 605, titled: Globe Driving Academy Business Plan. Its purpose was to identify a business structure from the strategic plan and multi-year strategic goals and to reflect the potential for growth. Students were expected to include financial plans and a balanced scorecard reflecting and measuring an organization’s success. This 43-page document covered everything from Business visions, motivation product services, marketing schemes

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Ethnic and Race Formation and the Internet Free Essays

Stephanie Luu Soc 0835, Sec 002 Yuichi Moroi November 9, 2010 Ethnic/Race Identity Formation and the Internet Throughout the course of American history, immigration from around the world has been occurring. The result from the different people emigrating from such varying parts of the human race creates the diversity in American society. As different ethnicities come into America, racial discrimination and stereotypes are created. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethnic and Race Formation and the Internet or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ethnic identity starts to become an issue where immigration, sexuality, religion, politics, and social change begin to shape how race and ethnicity are constructed and perceived in the American culture. In contemporary society, the internet serves as an additional element of the construction and shaping of these social identities. People are capable of using online networks and databases to learn about different cultures. By pressing a few buttons and clicking search, information is instantly displayed and questions can be immediately answered. The concern of the matter lies behind the authentication of the content; information posted on the web does not have to be validated by academic scholars to be published. Knowing the criteria for assessing web pages, the obtaining of misleading information can be avoided.Stereotypes generally occur among races that appear to differ from one’s own. It happens as a result of a person’s subconscious mind to group and generalize a person by their descriptions and physical attributes. These classifications can be positive or negative, which creates an issue with the construction of social identities of different racial and ethnic groups. Being that the first groups to arrive to America can be generally stereotyped as â€Å"white†, people of other descents are known to be minorities. Some of these groups include black people, Hispanic people, Indian people, Asian people, and more.The focus of this paper will be on those of Chinese descent; in particular, the stereotypes of Chinese people and how information on the internet perceives them. Despite if a person is Chinese or Korean, the individual is likely to be stereotyped as Asian. Their skin color may be similar to those considered â€Å"white†, but their hair color and facial attributes differ in the sense that they cannot be stereotyped as white. Nazli Kibria, author of an article in Sociological Perspectives, examined further into the dynamics between Asians and non-Asians by studying the interac tion of everyday social encounters between the two. Kibria aimed to explore two central aspects of the common stereotypes: â€Å"sameness† and â€Å"foreignness†. She shares of an incident where she was watching â€Å"M*A*S*H† and saw that a supposedly Korean character was wearing a Vietnamese-style hat wandering around in a village that appeared to be Japanese-oriented (Kibria 81). She was outraged by the fact that was evident that the show created an â€Å"Asian scene† based on a stereotypical idea of what an Asian person looked like and what was presumed an Asian environment.Such incidents are absurd to those who come from different backgrounds, while those who are not able to differentiate race and ethnicity do not find any offense to these encounters. She also noted that a family was asked to pose for a picture in the town paper wearing native garb without regards to what the occasion was. The picture turned out to be on the front page of a small daily newspaper next to recipes of egg rolls in celebrat ion of Chinese New Year. We were their token Oriental family—Chinese, Korean, it was all the same† (Kibria 82). Even differentiating the two, the town had no remorse. â€Å"Korean† and â€Å"Chinese† seemed to be synonymous with the term â€Å"Asian† because both could be generalized into that. Another incident occurred where an American company was about to make a deal with a Japanese company, and workers asked a fellow Asian worker, â€Å"Hey Karen, tell us how we should deal with Japanese so that we get what we want. † Her response was, â€Å"You guys, I’m Chinese†¦born and raised here†.Immediate reaction, â€Å"OK, but Karen, you have to admit that you probably have a better sense of the way Japanese culture works than we do† (Kibria 83). Quickly, it is evident that these Asians are stereotyped into one generalization that relates each individual country with one another. These stories show similar cases in which Asians are linked together by culture and physical attributes, even being that they are of different ethnic groups. This may induce problems to the social construction of Chinese people due to them wanting others to recognize and acknowledge their differences.The website that contained the above information was from an article called â€Å"Race, Ethnic Options, and Ethnic Binds: Identity Negotiations of Second-Generation Chinese and Korean Americans† in Sociological Perspectives. This article was found on an online database called JSTOR, and it is a credible source because the database is â€Å". org†, which identifies its association with an educational institution. This information is both empirical and scholarly based because she uses endless examples of experiences to explain her theories of stereotypes.This relates to the scholarly aspect because she uses psychological studies to analyze the different behaviors in the surrounding atmosphere. It is quality information because the author is identified with a University, and the publisher is copyrighted. The information is not biased because it also describes perspectives of the life behind a white person’s eyes as well as a black person’s. It does not lead to potential stereotypes, but it does make awareness of stereotypical incidents that subconsciously happen in everyday life.In relation to the stereotypical occurrences that happen daily, these incidents appear to shape the behaviors of ethnic identities, especially those among the second-generation Chinese Americans. In Baozhen Luo’s â€Å"Social Construction of Chinese American Ethnic Identity: Dating Attitudes and Behaviors among Second-Generation Chinese American Youths†, Luo makes an argument that â€Å"second-generation Chinese youths construct their dating values and identities through both differentiating and integrating their parents’ and white peers’ dating cultures and gender norms† (Luo 1).Luo, being a second-generation Chinese American, provides a summary of what his p arents wanted of his life, the kind of lifestyle he grew up in, and the battle between the two. Education was first, then dating and marriage came later; most importantly the family’s attitudes towards interracial dating. He says that â€Å"Chinese American youths constructed and reconstructed their own dating values, gender norms, and ethnic identities through various processes of picking and choosing from both cultures† (108). Luo argues that American culture cannot explain the complexity of the dating culture created by the second-generation Chinese American youths but that it is shaped by growing up in the middle grounds of two different cultures, allowing for an individual to adapt to both. Baozhen Luo’s article is a thesis brought to the public by the Department of Sociology at Digital Archive at Georgia State University. This is a scholarly and credible source, which also contains a reference at the bottom of the works cited. The information is a summary of his own life experiences so it may be a little biased because this will not pertain to every individual.But to my own experience growing up as a second-generation Chinese American, it is very similar and accurate. It may lead to potential stereotypes in the sense that people may think all first-generation Chinese Americans are narrow-minded and racist in a sense, where they want their child to marry only within the race. The construction of the Chinese American identity is not accustomed by the American way of life but by the intuition of the Chinese people themselves. Joseph Wu’s â€Å"Filial Piety and Chinese Culture† explains that the foundation of morality of Chinese culture is filial piety.Filial piety is respect for one’s parents and ancestors—the virtue to be held above all else. He discusses that in the traditional West, the ultimate moral authority is God or Spirit, but in Chinese culture, the ultimate moral authority is still in the human world (Wu 2). By means of that, filial piety is a product created by Chinese culture, meanwhile for the traditional Westerners moral principles are by God or spiritual creation. While religion is essential, valuable, and necessary in the traditional West, there exists no formal religion in Chinese culture. According to the common sense of Chinese people, China has three major religions: Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism. Nevertheless, Confucius is natural and humanistic. He is not a God, but only a human being† (Wu 4). That argues in favor that the Chinese value humanistic reality over spiritual power. He also refers to Buddha not being a God but a human being having been enlightened. To some extent people believe that filial piety is a substitute for their religion because it serves as the worthy power and authority. The Chinese perform filial piety to liberate human beings from the fear of death (Wu 5). In Chinese culture, the initial way for conquering death is giving birth to a male-child, and hoping the male-child to continue to produce male descendants† (Wu 5). The purpose of this is because only the male can attain continuity of family life, considering females generally take after the husband’s name. Though the extremities of Chinese culture and its religion appeared to be evident through the above examples, this website is not a reliable source. The website lacks accountability; it has an author but no email nor information (degrees, educational background) indicating whether the author is credible.The website also does not provide a date that shows when the page was updated so it is not safe to say the information is accurate. The page has notes at the end, but no works cited or reference page–the above source is not quality information. The information is biased because the only recognition mentioned says, â€Å"The author of this essay has been a performer of filial piety† (5). This holds relevance to why the author was such a firm believer that Chinese culture is shaped by filial piety. The construction of social identity of Chinese culture was attempted to be explored through information accessed on the web. Any information without credibility may be posted on the web and assessed by anyone. This may lead someone to be misinformed when trying to learn about the construction of an ethnic or racial identity because the reader may be reading falsified information. The exploration of a person’s racial and ethnic identity can be successfully attained if done with proper search methods. I think the internet is a good tool for exploring people’s racial and ethnic identities because the world contains an extreme amount of different ethnic groups that you may never even encounter.With the internet, people are able to learn about different cultures even if they never get to interact with one.Works Cited Kibria, Nazli. â€Å"Race, Ethnic Options, and Ethnic Binds: Identity Negotiations of Second-Generation Chinese and Korean Americans. † Sociological Perspectives 43. 1 (2000): 77-95. JSTOR. Web. . Luo, Baozhen. Social Construction of Chinese American Ethnic Identity: Dating Attitudes and Behaviors among Second-Generation Chinese American Youths. Thesis. Georgia State University, 2006. Sociology Theses. 2 Aug. 2006. Web. . Wu, Joseph S. â€Å"Filial Piety and Chinese Culture. † Thome Fang Institute. Web. . How to cite Ethnic and Race Formation and the Internet, Papers

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Dulce Et Decorum est, written by Wilfred Owen is a very realistic and brutal poem about the First World War Essay Example For Students

Dulce Et Decorum est, written by Wilfred Owen is a very realistic and brutal poem about the First World War Essay Dulce Et Decorum est, written by Wilfred Owen is a very realistic and brutal poem about the First World War. In his poem he describes the terrible conditions of which many Soldiers had to live, fight and for many soldiers die in. This contrasts greatly with the poem The Soldier written by Rupert Brooke. The Soldier is a very passionate patriotic poem about The First World War. The Soldier was written at the beginning of The First World War, whilst the whole Country was full with enthusiasm and with a patriotic feel. Although Rupert Brooke wrote about the War, he himself never made it there as he died on the journey there. This again may be another reason for his enthusiasm, as he had never experienced the grim and harsh reality of War. Dulce Et Decorum est was written towards the very end of the War, where most of the Country was tired and bitter of fighting. Wilfred Owen, the writer of Dulce Et Decorum est, had fought in the War and had experienced the horrific conditions of War. This is maybe the reason he decided to use the highly ironic title Dulce Et Decorum Est, which is a famous line created by the well-known academic Horace. It means it is sweet and fitting to fight for your country. This has a great contrast to the poems tone and content. The content of both of these poems has great relevance to the First World War. The Soldier has great means of pride, patriotism and religious content: In hearts at peace, under an English heaven. By concentrating on these elements, Rupert Brooke creates a very different poem to Dulce Et Decorum est. In the first stanza he writes of how if he were to die in war, a corner of a foreign field will be for ever England. This is very patoratic as it shows the reader, that he has no fear. He follows by decribing England as a beautiful land full of freedom, Gave, once, her flowers to love, her ways to roam. This again is very patoratic as it shows the readers,potential soldiers, that England is something worth fighting for. He starts his next stanza by describing his own psyical and mental fight for his country, And think, this heart, all evil shed away. This shows how he is not jut fighting for his Country he is also fighting a mental battle within himself. He follows by describing himself as a pulse in the eternal mind. Which shows he is well aware he is only a very small piece of a large plan. It could also mean he is in pulse with God and that he believes God is backing them. This gives the reader great confidence as it shows that if God is backing them they must be in the right and therefore they will win. He then finishes the poem by using strong passionate personification to describe England, Her sights and sounds; dreams happy as her day. This is another form of patronism as it gives the reader great pride for England. In Wilfred Owens poem his point of view on the War is very different. He writes about treacherous events vividly which causes very clear images: Gas! Gasà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦yelling out and stumbling. This vivid explanation causes a very clear disturbing picture, which makes the reader think of those who fought for their Country and those who died doing it. This therefore sends the reader a very different view of war. He starts Dulce Et Decorum est by describing the shocking state of which all soldiers were in and the horrific condition which they lived and fought in, Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge. He then describes a vivid gas attack by using strong description and imagary, Gas! .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507 , .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507 .postImageUrl , .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507 , .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507:hover , .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507:visited , .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507:active { border:0!important; } .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507:active , .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507 .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc88aa675735baf2a930ac41cf10b8507:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Compare the views of London presented in Blakes' poem London and William Wordsworth's poem Composed upon Westminster Bridge EssayGas! Quick, boys! à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" An ecstasy of fumbling, Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time; But someone still was yelling out and stumbling, And floundring like a man in fire or lime. This is very penetrating as the strong imagary make you imagine the shocking conditions and the sudden attack. This therefore makes the prospect of the war a reality. His last stanza starts by describing the attack effect of the gas attack, His hanging face, like a devils sick of sin; If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood come gargling from the frot h-corrupted lungs. This is very frightening for the reader as you can vividly imagine it. It would also be frightening if you had family or friends in the war as it is very easy to imagine the horrific death happening to one of them. In the final stanza, Owen enforces that, should readers see what he has seen, the government would cease to send young men to war, all the while instilling visions of glory in their heads. No longer would they tell them the old lie, Dulce Et Decorum est. The language used in The Soldier has many different descriptive techniques. Rupert Brooke decides to use personification to describe England: Her sights and sounds; dreams happy as her day. This effect echances the certain theme of patronism around the poem, this is because the reader thinks of England as a woman and therefore something worth fighting for. He also uses a few examples of alliteration which is very promanent in old English poems. Alliterations has a gratifying effect on the sound, which gives a reinforcement to stresses, and can also serve as a subtle connection or emphasis of key words in a line, And laughter, learnt of friends; and geltleness. Dulce et Decorum est also includes very clever and effective descriptive words which creates imminant images. He uses imagery in his poem so he is albe to create a picture in the readers mind which is needed to feel the full force of the poem Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge. He also uses repetition, which is very effective and therefore creates a certain feel for the poem, Gas! Gas! Quick, boys! The tone of The Soldier is very different to the one of Dulce et Decorum as it has very different content. The Soldier has a very uplifting tone this is acheived by using patroatic and romantic content. It is also very optimistic as it ideailized England, this is very unrealistic. On the other hand the tone of Dulce et decorum est is very realistic as is it shows the true, depressing facts of war. Both of the poems impact the reader greatly as they are both written about the same topic,War. The Soldiers impacts the reader by showing a patoratic romantic view of the war. This impacts the reader as it shows great courage and the strong proud atmosphere which was drilled into everyone. On the other hand Dulce Et Decorum Est was written towards the very end of the War and impacts the reader by describing the horrific death of a soldier after being attacked by a gas bomb. This impacts the reader greatly as Wilfred Owen uses many strong language tecniques to create a vivid image. Although both poems are very much about World War One, they are both very different. The Soldier was written during the beggining of the war when the whole country was full with patronism and belief. This is the reason for its upbeat tone and optimism. It is full with religious and patroatic content which is created using strong personiication and descriptions. Dulce Et Decorum est was written towards the end of the War,this is the reason for its very harsh realistic view on the war. Wilfred Owen writes about the shocking conditions and how a fellow soldier died whilst he stood their helpless. He uses strong imagary to create vivid images in the readers mind.

Friday, November 29, 2019

An Essay On An Economics Article Essays - Azurix, Enron, Free Essays

An Essay On An Economics Article Essays - Azurix, Enron, Free Essays An Essay On An Economics Article There is a major debate brewing in the Florida water districts. The discussion concerns a company called Azurix and their novel offer. Azurix is a spin-off the huge Houston based gas and oil company Enron. The offer: in exchange for financing a portion of the four billion-dollar everglades clean up, Azurix acquires the ability to sell the water that they store as part of the project. This seemingly innocuous plan can have huge affects on Floridas economy. The privatization of the water management in Florida could work in a positive manner and eliminate the projected shortages by creative management, or it can act negatively and make it harder and more expensive to obtain water. There is some precedence for the appearance of private industry in water management. In Tampa Bay, three different water districts have come together to build a large desalination plant to service the entire area. The plant will be built and run by S&W Water LLC, a private company. Although this brand of involvement is not unheard of, the level of involvement that Azurix proposes would give it virtually complete control of the water supply of Florida. This monopoly has some people excited and some people worried. Those who are optimistic about the proposed change, which includes many water district managers, citizens, and local officials, hope for the best possible results. They argue that the private sector can conserve more water, improve service, and decrease water shortages. Advocates advance that farmers are permitted far more water than is necessary for crop maintenance. There for excess water is wasted. However, if agronomists are able to make a profit on conserving water, then the use of this valuable supply is much more efficient. This newborn capability will make agriculture more profitable and provide a boost to one of Floridas largest industries. The optimists also tout improved service. Private industry has more money to put into research and development; hence, the ability to supply clean fresh potable water to the tap can be improved. It is argued that their plan can decrease water shortages by diversifying the way Florida gets its water. Although Florida really does not have a shortage of water, it has water at the wrong time. The majority of Floridas fifty-five inches a year of rain falls during the summer; the time when the population is at its lowest point. The diversification of how water is procured will allow for a more even distribution of this resource. Some areas, such as the St. Johns River Water Management District will tap surface sources, and others will develop aquifer and storage recovery units that store water from the wet times to doll out during the dry times. Clearly, the notion of privatizing water has tremendous potential to help Florida. Not withstanding this optimism surrounding the proposition, it is not be without its detractors. Factions of the proponents claim that privatization is good in some areas of public services, water this group contends can not be private. The water that every one and every thing depends on can not be for sale to the highest bidder. The naysayers contend that when a company like Azurix has a monopoly on water, conservation will not be a priority. Water for sale on the open market with out limits would lead to the loss of this resource. Opponents contend that the sale of Florida water across state borders could be detrimental to the precarious balance that we struggle to maintain today. The lack of conservation could prove to be deadly to the environment. With the downfall of the environment, the tourism industry would fail. This failure would spell disaster for the Florida economy. In conjunction with the lack of conservation of water, the prices will rise. The company that controls the water supply will be able to name its price. This can damage the pool and lawn industries as well as lawn landscaping and nursery businesses in areas dependent on city or treated water. Agriculture, normally the largest employer of unskilled labor, can suffer increased cost, which can result in a loss of jobs and the competitive edge to foreign competition. This can be a significant drain on the economy. Privatizing the water works of Florida

Monday, November 25, 2019

Authors Start local with your book promotion

Authors Start local with your book promotion "Start Local With Your Books" - An Interview With Hattie Edmonds â€Å"Start local†. This is more than simple sound advice, it’s almost sort of a philosophy. While we were previously writing on the Reedsy blog about how internet was obliterating territorial rights and boundaries, these obviously still exist to a certain extent. â€Å"Starting local† simply is a matter of acknowledging this fact.The ability to meet people face to face or sit down for a coffee with them means your discussion will be longer remembered. The mere fact of sharing a location with someone creates a common interest, or even empathy.Author publishing has been made possible by Amazon, a company that created a way for authors to (almost) directly have access to millions of readers across the world, at almost no cost. Kobo has also insisted on this vein, offering their Kobo Writing Life authors distribution in over 150 countries. As Joanna Penn sometimes puts it: â€Å"the world is our market†.However, the step between â€Å"having access to millio ns of readers† and â€Å"actually reaching them† is an enormous one. One that can be shortened a lot, though, if those readers are close to you. Literally. This is the whole meaning behind â€Å"starting local†.Today, we’re interviewing Hattie Edmonds, a West London author, who managed to invite her mayor to her first book launch, and have Waterstones throw her a second one. She knows all about making the local approach work for discoverability.An easy one to finish: what has been the most rewarding moment in this whole adventure?Probably the call from the manager at Waterstones, who rang me six days after I had pressed the book into her hand, saying that she loved it and that Waterstones would like to give me a whole window display as well as a second launch. I was nearly sick with excitement!Thank you for your time, Hattie!What do you  personally  think about the â€Å"local approach†? Has it worked for you, or do you prefer concentrating on d iscoverability channels with a broader target market? Do lets us know your thoughts in the comments below!

Friday, November 22, 2019

The two cases Carvaho v. tool brothers developer and Herczeng v Essay

The two cases Carvaho v. tool brothers developer and Herczeng v. haptom township municpal - Essay Example Francisco Caravalho, an employee of the subcontractor Jude Enterprises who was doing the excavation work, died when an unshored portion of the trench he was working in collapsed. [Handler] Argument The prosecution charged that Bergman’s site inspector hired to observe the work performed and who was present when the accident happened to monitor the progress of the work had a duty to supervise safety procedures of the construction and that the inspector had knowledge of the unsafe condition. Responding to the suit by the widow, Mrs.Carvalho, Bergman said maintained that the engineer's contract disclaimed responsibility for jobsite safety [which the court allowed].The methods, the interpretation, and the enforcement of hold harmless agreements should be governed by the intention of the parties in providing for insurance and the division of risk. [Handler].The site inspector’s duty was limited to inspect only the material being used and the amount of work being done. The ra tionale behind this defense was obviously the trust of the defense in the â€Å"hold harmless clause† in the defendant’s contract. He also noted because of an error he was not insured.

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

3M Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

3M - Essay Example Contemporary academic settings have acknowledged the need to develop and recognize cultural intelligence as the ability to interpret and understand diverse cultural underpinnings. In this regard, not because the way things are done in Russia are different from what 3M is accustomed to, it should already mean that the organization should not do business there – most especially if there are vast opportunities in the Russian market that could be tapped and ventured on. 3M must simply understand which cultural practices must be respected and could not be changed in their entirety. As a multinational organization that operates in other parts of the world, it already has vast experience and understanding of cultural diversities and how they can adapt and adjust to the way of life to succeed in Russia. Honestly, I strongly believe that 3M could do business in Russia provided that they respect the cultural values and traditions of its people. Being an organization that promotes ethical behavior, I am sure that they have acknowledged which cultural beliefs need to be accepted and could not be meddled with. As such, by respecting the cultural norms and beliefs of the Russians, including business practices, 3M could be assured that they will proceed with smooth business interactions within the ethical standards and moral codes of discipline. The moral codes of conduct, as well as ethical standards in business are more or less universal in perspectives. 3M, as the investing organization in Russia, has the obligation to adhere to moral, ethical and social responsibilities as employer and therefore, could expect employees to conform to these obligations. In so doing, by the rules of being role models, 3M could improve the ethical climate in foreign countries where it does business with. It is one’s contention that a practical middle ground could be established by finding an effective and acceptable balance between American and Russian ways

Monday, November 18, 2019

Net Cash Flow Task 2 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Net Cash Flow Task 2 - Coursework Example However, the Net Present Value is very low. There are two reasons why Person K should not invest in a project with such a low NPV. The first is that other projects are likely to be available in the market that can give a higher NPV. Investing in this project has an opportunity cost equal to the return obtainable from those projects. Secondly, such a low NPV would leave little room for risks, and would be extremely sensitive. For example, if the expected sales fall by 10%, the project might show a negative NPV. Hence it is not advisable to invest in this project. Answer: The IRR for the project is 13.31%, which is higher than the cost of capital by 1.31%. For reasons similar to those advanced in the case of recommendation based on NPV above, the recommendation is that Person K should not invest in this project a) Rationale for recommendation: The IRR for the project is 13.31%, which is just marginally higher than the cost of capital. If Person K had an unlimited amount of money to invest, this project would qualify for investment. However, in a situation where there is a limited amount of capital to be invested, the returns should be maximized, and investing in low yielding projects would deprive Person K of the opportunity to invest in alterative high yielding projects. Secondly, the sensitivity of the project to variations in the assumptions would be very high, and small changes in the assumption would upset the entire calculation. Answer: Internal Rate of Return is the rate at which the Net Present Value becomes equal to 0. Accounting Rate of Return is the average net income from the project divided by the investment. Conceptually the two figures are very different. Internal rate of Return considers the actual cash flows, including the initial investment, whereas Accounting Rate of Return considers the Profit for each period after charging depreciation on the assets procured with the initial investment. Secondly, Internal Rate of

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Architecture and spaces influencing human being to socialize

Architecture and spaces influencing human being to socialize Sociology is the understanding of the human society, which this essay is forcing more towards the sociology among family members. Moving on into studies to explore the various solutions on how things around the context of a family can feed off each other. Things like spatial qualities that will affect the familys social interaction. Exploring into different avenues in the design contexts like the balances between the private and public spaces within a home to solve the issue of bonding and interaction. An in-dept analysis of a few different case studies, local and international will to help understand and broaden the perspective of the various practical techniques on how this few designers explore the spatial quality to prove the point that spatiality do plays a part in the social interaction among family members. Therefore the main objective is to express the point that sociology is the aim and the dream of reviving once more the closeness, warmness and most harmonious type of socia lization bond between family members. The main definition of sociology is a series of development; structure and a functioning of understanding the human society. Therefore from the understanding of the word, looking into the various possibility of the definition, expanding into sub issues that will lead back to sociology. One of them is social problem, problems that occur in society around us no matter being in a big or small society. The reason for this problem to occur is due to the fact that each individual member of a society in this case focusing more into the family circle group, that lives close enough together will have conflicts. It is virtually impossible to avoid having conflicts among close family member who are staying together in the same house. They do not always get along seamlessly as each individual has their own unique character. From this sector it is important to acknowledge that social problems will affect the social interaction within the family society. Hence social interaction is another possibi lity section that will lead back to sociology. The in-depth studies of the importance of social interaction will be illustrated in the next part of this essay. But in the mean time from these two various possible issues in sociology, conclusion can be made that sociology is the aim and the dream of reviving once more the closeness, warmness and most harmonious type of socialization bond between family members. From this conclusion further studies will be made to explore the various solution on how other things around the context of a family can feed off each other. Things like spatial qualities that will affect the familys social interaction. Exploring into different avenues in the design contexts like the balances between the private and public spaces within a home to solve the issue of bonding and interaction. Moving on further into the essay studies will be made on a few different case studies, local and international. These case studies will to help understand and broaden the pe rspective of the various practical techniques on how this few designers explore the spatial quality to prove the point that spatiality do plays a part in the social interaction among family members. Allowing the family to socialize without being intermitted. Theories will be presented to support the study of how spatiality is blend with sociology. Therefore this essay will elaborated the in-depth understanding of a few key points that will help achieve the main objective for a closeness, warmness and harmonious family lifestyle in a home. Sociology The term social interaction refers to particular forms of externalities, in which the actions of the family members affect an individuals preferences. Therefore, the observation of large differences in outcomes is the balance between the interpersonal dynamics and the home environment. It is critical to organize the effectiveness of interaction that happens among the family member. From this many of social interactions exhibit strategic complementarities, which occur when the marginal utility to one person of undertaking an action is increasing with the average amount of the action taken by one family member. Consequently, a change in fundamentals has a direct effect on behavior and an indirect effect of the same sign. The direct effect on behavior will change toward the direct change in fundamentals. Although the family is made up of a group of very like-mindful people, there are still certain ways to control the functionality of the family and the behaviors within them, which make individual family distinguishable from others. In the case the head of the family will of course be the father following with the mother second, as a partner they are to set a good example in their sociality among each other so that the childrens at home will also be influence by their action and behavior, sometime unknowingly. Therefore, the father as the head of the family is the one who keeps order by setting rules and enforcing on them. Hence if a family does not have the sociality quality in their values it will have a chain reaction in their behavior, leading the family to face more sociology problems causing their behavior to influence other society out there being in their working environment or their friends in schools. Social interaction can also seen in the way of which it is an action that will lead up to a reaction. It is not only a one-way traffic but it takes two parties to work holistically together to achieve the successful outcome. There are sustain hierarchy withi n the family society and each family member has his or her societal roles to play. There is some ideal issue that the family should study or know. They should distinguish between the understanding of a correlation of the individual characteristics within the family society, to the influences of the society that occur outside the boundaries of the home allow the family to recognize the key traits that from their own unique family society. Therefore, Bott (1957: 99) argues that the immediate social environment of urban families are best considered, not as the local area in which they live, but rather as the network of actual social relational maintain, regardless of whether these are confined to the local area or run beyond its boundaries. From this argument maintaining an active social interaction within the family help balance a healthy social relationship among individual family members. Hence is will also decrease the tension in the interaction of matters in their socialization b ring together a number of elements such as solidarity, commitment, mutuality and trust. By having this healthy social relationship, no boundaries will be generated, allowing them to have the two-way traffic of interaction. Another point that will help maintain this healthy social relationship is the physical spatial environment. Form the research that was made, physical spatial environment do play a part in determining the interaction with social space that will affect the humans social behaviors and the ability of a social individual to influence others. These spatial elements such as the buffer zones between the private and general space, surveillance within the family and shares the common pathways that affect the social interaction in the house. These buffer zones are flexible to change over the physical function such, as it can be a formal social interaction area or an informal one. On the other hand segregation of spaces can also be a part of a family that from this separation they will function better as a whole. There are some activities that individuals will be far more comfortable performing them in their own space. As Schelling [1978] demonstrated that when an individual can chose the location and the presence of these interactions. Results in segregation across spaces may occur, even in situation where the typical individual would be content to live in integrated space, which in this solution are their own individual rooms. Therefore, to my opinion a statement can be made that spatial quality does influence the social behaviors unknowingly. Design Behavior comes to mind as a recurrent theme in our interests, overlapping concerns such as the architecture expression and their complexity of the relationship that capital and generational change. Hence, it is an attempt to understand the patterns and influence of the transformation of behavior over time. Behavior could also be the central to a hypothesis, which is the understanding of the correlations between the human life, nature and the built environment. Each individual building can be viewed as a sentient creature, endowed with their own unique intelligence and a defining set of living characteristics. Analyzing the input from research, physical design does influence social interaction in a static way by some of these factors. Firstly, is the informal social factor, factor that focus on the social dynamic that is the relationship between individuals and individual in groups. Secondly, is the formal social factor, which is the management of communal spaces that allows interaction to occur. Thirdly, the personal factors that is the pro-community and the pro-socializing attitude with similar values and norms. Lastly, the physical design factors, which is the density of proximity. The division of spaces that has a buffering zone between the private and general spaces, the shared pathways is one for the factor that affects social interaction among family members. Another factor is the communal spaces that have the quality and accessibility to allow family member to come together as one to have common activities together with out feeling intimidated. Therefore, how the family members perceive and understand the physical environment can determine the frequency and quality of their social interaction. The psychosocial buffer zone between individuals and the physical environment plays an important role in determining how the interaction unfolds. The social interaction and the layout of space reciprocally influence each other. The plan is the generator that has order and willfulness; it also holds itself the essence of sensation. The mass and surfaces are elements by which architecture manifests itself. Therefore, the mass and surfaces are determined by the plan. The plan is at its basis. As Le Courbusier quote Without plan there can be neither grandeur of aim and expression, nor rhythm, nor mass, nor coherence. Therefore the plan is calls for the most active imagination and the critical discipline too. What determines everything is the plan as the among of interaction the family will achieve or the social problems that the family will face. Therefore, to make a plan is to determine the main objective and fix ideas. Looking at the Schroeder house for inspiration, it is a house that perfectly demonstrates how spaces could help bring family member together to share and have their social interaction bond. It is a house, which have the plan-less idea that has been a very powerful idea in the development of architecture since modernism. The transformable and plan-less idea allows a logical way of working whereby the members are either all having their private spaces of they are all gathered in to one common space. The study of the plan informed us that is can be achieved by simply having partitions, that can be moved in a manner such that the spaces could only make sense when every family member is having the same kind of privacy level. From this way of planning it will increase the social interaction among member in the family, as they are unknowingly focus to work and interact in a common space. The balance between the common spaces that is open incorporates the focus point of the main house. The expression of openness and closeness can also be achieved through the careful alignment of furniture with the help of openings and walls. Furniture acts as a jig, positioning the human body to react, while sharing the same space together. It supports and encourages social interaction by the arrangement in space to remove barriers between family members. It is also good to have the design element such as blurring the boundaries between the human life, nature and the built environment. Case Studies Local Looking all the back into history on the planning of the traditional kampong houses in Singapore, how they are layout as a community to maximum the social interaction among families living there. The kampong were layout in the way where they will have a common areas in which people gathered, mixed around and spend time with each other. Spaces flow into each other freely with few boundaries or obstructions. The kampong with no physical barriers allows a flexibility in accommodate two or more needs of extending when needed, which is not available in our modern housing estate today. Studying in-depth for the interior layout of a kampong enable us to see that the architecture plays with a lot of voids, opening and have an open plan with minimum partition. This self-drawn diagram is my analysis of a kampong house. The house can be broken down into three sectors. First sector acts as a transition space between the open public and private sectors. It is also the sector where the family will entertain their guests. The second sector will be the private area where all the private family activities happen. The living area is a common open area where family members are able to see the movement of each other. Lastly will the kitchen, the reason of having a bridge that separate the living area and the kitchen is because the kitchen is often used by the womans community as a space where they can chat and socialize therefore the bridge is there to set the boundaries for the public. The kitchen is also a semi-private area because there is a second entrance from the back to access to the house. From this analysis, we can see that the layout of a typical kampong house has a clear hierarchy system that segregates the public zone and the private livi ng area. We can adapt a few key points from this study, the hierarchy system and the open plan that they have. Moving on to the study of our modern HDB flats. HDB was first development to replace the kampong living style in February 1960. The reason for doing so was Singapore was facing an acute housing shortage at that period of time. Therefore, the government decided to build HDB units for the low-income group of people. Through the years residences had to adapt to the emphasis of the housing program, the shifted from quantity of housing to quantity of life. Studying the typical interior layout of a modern HDB allows me to understand better why family now a day space lesser social interaction time with each other. The reason is that the spaces within a house layout is clearly defined by solid walls which break the visual connect that is an important part that allows social interaction to happen. The percentage of the common area in the house is always lower than the percentage compared to the individual private space. But however, common corridor does exist in some HDB units but the functio n of it seems to just be a connector to the private spaces rather then a space where family members interact. Is there a problem with the size of the corridors, giving the prescription as just a path for walkway and not a space to interact? Comparing this two local case studies, the traditional kampong house to our modern HDB flats we can see that the quantity of living is different. As for the modern house, we have family members that are all separated from one another by walls, which discourage interaction and by not interacting family member will lose the healthy socialization values. Compared to the traditional kampong layout where they have an open living and common space where visualization are not broken among family members. International Case Studies The project for a brick country house done by Mies Van de Rohe in 1923 demonstrates the idea of using walls to divide the space but does not go as far as to divide them off into rooms. By doing this it suggests spatial divisions by setting up relationship with the site from within. On the other hand, his Barcelona Pavilion of 1929, uses walls as the element to set up views and suggest spaces but they are not dividing the space as the whole pavilion is open-air. Compared to the Schroder House that as built in 1924, by Gerrit Rietvield. Different method has been used to demonstrate the plan-less theory. In this case, all the main services are positioned on the perimeter of the house and next to them are retracted sliding partitions, which can be pulled out to divide the spaces into rooms. Such as the space acquires more possibilities, compared to when the screens are close, there is no one name to label the spaces. However, these walls provide only a certain amount of prescribed flexib ility. If these walls are completely independent of the structure, the moveable walls will become screens, which is essentially furniture. Therefore, western architecture has various ways and method to tackle the issue of social interaction. The freedom within the layout of the interior allows ways to alter to ones needs hence it is adaptable to the engender bonding between the occupants and the building through continuous physical involvement. By doing this the interaction level within the family can be adjustable to the function that is formed at anytime opening up the partition to allow each family member to remain the visual connect that will allow social interaction to happen. Not knowing focusing them to start a conversation as there is isnt any physical wall. Interestingly enough in Japan, the Japanese traditional house takes on an entirely different attitude to spatial division and living pattern. While planned as the same meaning as the Western architecture, walls do not. In a typical Japanese screened house, the rooms other than the service rooms have on one purpose. Within these the functions takes on the meaning of the activity that is performed and their functions can be changeable with the activities. Quoted from Nishihara explanation of the difference of the Western thinking compared to the Japanese thinking is the Western thinks in terms of function and makes his rooms accordingly, whereas the Japanese simply set up zones. In Japan, when it is time for dining, a portable table and food will be brought out; when its working time a writing desk will be taken out; and when it is time for bed, bedding that are typically stored in the cupboard will be unrolled and rolled back to be stored in the morning. Leaving the space to be purpos eless and multi-purpose at once. From these two case studies, we can see the how two different cultures approach the understanding of an open-less plan concept. Here is an illustration of the comparison diagram between the Japanese concept and the western concept. Image taken from, Works Cited Bibliography Work Cited http://www.helium.com/items/629105-family-values-the-importance-of-strong-family-bonds http://www.doccentre.org/docsweb/urban-issues/hawkers/hawkers13.htm http://www.sacred-texts.com/asia/sby/sby02.htm http://www.sageofasheville.com/primary_prevention.html http://www.fashioncentral.pk/living-lifestyle/home-garden/story-25-home-interior-decoration/ http://scienceblogs.com/framing-science/2007/11/au_students_debate_the_interne.php http://www.malaysiasite.nl/kampong.htm http://www.infed.org/community/community.htm http://www.sjsu.edu/people/thomas.leddy/courses/c2/s1/Le_Courbusier.doc

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Canterbury Tales - Comparing Chaucers The Clerks Tale and The Wife of

In "The Clerk's Tale" and "The Wife of Bath's Tale " from Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales, characters are demanding, powerful and manipulating in order to gain obedience from others. From all of The Canterbury Tales, "The Clerks Tale" and "The Wife of Baths Tale" are the two most similar tales. These tales relate to each other in the terms of obedience and the treatment of women. "The Wife of Bath Tale" consists of one woman who has complete control over her husbands. It evolves the idea that a woman is more powerful and controlling in a relationship. She intimidates her husbands to do things and treat her in a certain ways so that they would buy her material things and favors. "The Clerks Tale" supports almost the opposite idea about women. It mentions that the man has complete power in the relationship and the woman must obey everything that the husband says. Such is the case with Walter and Griselda. Walter is demanding and controlling over Griselda. She does whatever he says and she lacks her own opinion. One difference between these tales however is that "The Clerks Tale" is a very unrealistic story, whereas "The Wife of Baths Tale" is a more practical story and would have the possibility of taking place. Between the two stories, the Wife of Bath and Walter are both characters who are the most demanding in order to gain obedience. Both characters demand love, a sign of obedience to them. Walter tells Griselda that the only way they will marry is if she promises to obey his commands. He says "you love me as I know and would obey, being my leige-man born and faithful to whatever ple... ...and the General Prologue. Ed. V.A. Kolve. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1989. ---------"The Wife of Bath's Tale." The Canterbury Tales: Nine Tales and the General Prologue. Ed. V.A. Kolve. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1989. Levy, Bernard. "The Meanings of the Clerk's Tale." Chaucer and the Craft of Fiction. Ed. Leigh Arrathoon. Rochester, MI: Solaris, 1986. 385-403. Leicester, Jr., H. Marshall. "Of a fire in the dark: Public and Private Feminism in the Wife of Bath's Tale." Women's Studies 11.1-2 (1985): 157-78. Internet Sources Consulted Chaucer, Geoffrey. "The Wife of Bath and Her Tale," The Wife of Bath. Web 30 Apr. 2015. http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/webcore/murphy/canterbury/7wife.pdf Delahoyde, Michael. "Chaucer: The Clerk's Tale," Chaucer. Web 30 Apr. 2015. http://www.wsu.edu/~delahoyd/chaucer/ClT.html

Monday, November 11, 2019

Indigenous Religion

Define indigenous religion, and describe at least one aspect of indigenous religions that exists in a similar form in a traditional mainstream religion. The word indigenous means â€Å"originated in†, and thus the term â€Å"indigenous religion† means â€Å"the original religion of a place. † Essentially this term is applied to the group of people of any religion, culture, or area. The indigenous religion is a unique religion associated with the particular group. For example, the native tribes in the United States follow indigenous religious beliefs which are practiced without any interference of outsiders.Another example is â€Å"Shinto† from Japan which is confined only to a particular place and is not practiced anywhere outside of Japan. Thus, all the cultures had been indigenous at one time which has grown slowly and gradually. The aspects of the indigenous religion which have never changed are is the thought of human sacrifice which was necessary to g ain the attention, or to get closer to God. In modern Judeo-Christianity, the crucifixion and (alleged) resurrection of Jesus, blood sacrifice was focused in order to create atonement and pay for sins.Thus, the old and savage act of sacrificing a human in a certain way is alive from the traditional time to current. The term religion is defined differently by different authors and researchers. It refers to the belief in spiritual beings or it is the beliefs and practices that unite several groups of people into a single moral community. It is of great importance for the society because of the variety of reasons. Religion can have great importance for a society for a variety of reasons and depends on the culture and governmental style; it facilitates the controlling process of society.In nations where the government has a large amount of control over the population, religion plays the substantial role. Define religion, and discuss why it is useful in society. Explain why it is importa nt for you personally to understand the beliefs of other religious groups. The contention between religion and science has always been the topic of debate for decades. The science depends on proper reasoning and empiricism while religious beliefs rely on revelation, faith and sacredness.According to some scholars, science and religion are entirely separate as religion is a fairy tale while science is backed by evidence. Thus, they cannot be united in harmony. According to me, both science and religion can coexist as these are entirely different things. But the ultimate aim of both is for the betterment of mankind and thus, interconnection may form between science and religion. Moreover, as long as a person possesses separate spiritual beliefs from empirical facts, science and religion can actually coexist as being religious does not imply that it is the conflicting belief with science.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Aline Deneuve

Case 1: Aline DeNeuve 1. What are the main issues in the case? The main issues in this case include staffs member’s attitudes problems and Aline’s misconception about relationship with her subordinates and colleagues. The staff members who were selected randomly have dissatisfactions and attitude problems with their jobs except only one person . They also do not want to attend the retreat. Heather is an administrative assistant and believes that her supervisor Jack did not give an opportunity to promote because she is a foreigner.As a result, she took off sick days many times and does not want to attend the retreat as well. She feels that she is being discriminated by her supervisor and said most staff members do not socialize each other. Jack is Heather’s supervisor and he also does not want to attend the retreat and have dissatisfaction about not promoting. He feels same as Heather; because he is black so could not promote. He also said some staffs have been ta king off office supplies at their home so company needs solution for this problem. In addition, he thinks the company needs better orientation and socialization program for new employees.June is manager of customer service and thinks the last retreat was just wasting time. She feels so stressed by her work. Before I explain about the staffs’ problems, I found that Aline also has some problems about her misconception. Even though, she has an experience about a training program on employee diversity with high degree of success in previous work place, her perceptions do not fit as a director of training and development. She disapproves of a friendly relationship with her subordinates and colleagues. She still does not realize that unfriendly relationship among the co-workers would affect their

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Night

Night Free Online Research Papers The memoir â€Å"Night† is just one of many memoirs written by Elie Wiesel, who survived the Holocaust. Elie feels compelled to bear witness to the suffering that he experienced and observed in the concentration camps. In Night he narrates the experience of the deaths of his family members, the death of his adolescence, and the death in his naive belief in man’s innate goodness. The power of the genre of the memoir is that it captures experience and insists that forgetting about such crimes against humanity is not an option for Elie or for the reader. Through the radical changes he experiences in the concentration camps, Elie is forced to adapt. He shows his adaptations through various ways in his writing style and author’s craft. Elie Wiesel shows the reader how he personally changes, the true meaning of the word â€Å"night†, and Biblical allusions to describe the suffrage, inhumanity, and pain he experiences during the holocaust that affected his lif e forever. One of the most painful situations and preoccupying thoughts that trouble young Elie involve the ways in which father-son relationships are torn under the concentration camps. He watches as sons deny care to their fathers, putting their own interests before family ties. Elie struggles with the same conflict when his father becomes ill, and when his father finally dies, Elie is profoundly sad though also proud that he never wholly compromised his own beliefs about family. The reason that Elie finds the deterioration of father-son relationships so painful is that the maintenance of this relationship seems to be the last barrier between a world that is semi-normal and one that has completely been turned upside down. Elie must continue to care for his ailing father because to do otherwise would mean that he had become as evil as the Germans. But, in reality the holocaust did bring their relationship closer and more affectionate. In the beginning, Elie was naà ¯ve and curious of Jewis h mysticism. When he asked his father for a mentor he answered, â€Å"You are too young for that. Maimonides tells us that one must be thirty before venturing into the world of mysticism, a world fraught with peril† (4). This shows how their relationship begins, as a relationship based on respect and obedience like most orthodox Jewish families. But, as they came closer to the concentration camps, their relationship drastically changes. As they are about to be sent to the crematorium, Elie’s father starts to have emotional feelings for his son. â€Å"What a shame that you did not go with your mother†¦ I saw many children your age go with their mothers†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (33). This shows how their relationship is based on love and emotion. He does not want to see his only son go up in flames and Elie knows this because it is the first time he has seen his father cry and is the first time he felt his father’s love for him. Throughout their suffrage in th e holocaust their relationship grows stronger and it gives Elie a reason to never give up and to survive. A persons beliefs and values transform with death lingering at every waking moment. In Night, Elie estranges himself from his companions and morals to survive the Holocaust. It is expected that the Holocaust survivors would lose faith in God, their determination to go on living, and their reliance in others because of the horrific experiences that they faced day to day. It is understandable that a Holocaust survivor questions his faith in God when Jews are chanting the prayer of death for themselves. â€Å"Deep down, I was saying good-bye to my father, to the whole universe, and, against my will, I found myself whispering the words: †¦ may his name be exalted and sanctified†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (34). A person would question living when he sees the death of loved ones and fellow Jews right before his eyes. When starting to give up on all hope of life and God, it would be expected that one would no longer trust others, especially when they are fighting each other for their own surviva l. Night illustrates the loss in human ties after the anguish of the reprehensible treatment that the Jews received every day. Elies harsh experiences cause him to question his companionship with God each day during the holocaust. Although it seems his God has abandoned him, he never loses faith completely. Elie asks questions to God throughout this memoir. â€Å"Why, but why would I bless him? Every fiber in me rebelled. Because he caused thousands of children to burn in his mass graves? (67). Elie is angry, but at the same time this brings him closer to God. When Moishe was mentoring Elie he once said, â€Å"Man comes closer to God through the questions he asks him. Therein lies true dialogue. Man asks and God replies.† Ultimately, Elie’s experiences bring him closer to God than ever before because it is acceptable and praised to ask questions in his faith. But, how does God reply? As Moses freed the Jews from Egypt, maybe the Russians were the Jewâ€⠄¢s Moses in the holocaust. Either way, Elie used biblical allusions in his memoir to vividly compare the holocaust to the bible, show his struggle with faith in God, and describe how God played a role in the Jews’ lives during this horrific time of suffering. Elie’s memoir is simply titled â€Å"Night†. The literal time of night in the camps is not a period of rest or respite for the Jewish prisoners; instead, it is a continuation of the persistent anxiety and fear that are experienced throughout the day. At the same time, night does have some positive qualities, permitting the prisoners to talk with one another and attempt to hang onto the last vestiges of normal social interactions. â€Å"Freed from the barbers’ clutches, we began to wander about the crowd, finding friends, acquaintances. Every encounter filled us with joy ¬-yes, joy: Thank God! You are still alive!†(35). This was the only freedom of their lives that still remained. The prisoners’ social life was the last thing they had left and Elie and many others tried to keep this by preserving their families which was very difficult. During this time, night was the only time of peace and rest. But, night also has a symbolic function. It is dark and obscure, a time when people with nefarious motives operate. To young Elie, the night feels never-ending, especially his first. â€Å"Never shall I forget that night, the first night in camp, that turned my life into one long night seven times sealed. Never shall I forget those flames that consumed my faith forever. Never shall I forget those moments that murdered my God and my soul and turned my dreams to ashes. Never† (34). During the night, this is what went through everyone’s minds. Why did this happen? How could this happen? What will become of me? Night is somewhat worse than the day. The only difference is physical pain and emotional torment. When Elie is finally liberated from the concentration camp, it is not clear whether the night has ended yet. Elie will have a long way to go to find his way to the light and the restoration of a somewhat normal life. It took several years for Elie Wiesel to finally find the light. By just reading this inspiring memoir, readers’ lives are changed as well as Elie’s life was changed during the holocaust. Throughout this memoir I have discovered that the most important truths in life are that family is the greatest possession, faith should be strongest in the most difficult times, and freedom is the most powerful trait a human being has. All of these truths are expressed through Elie Wiesel’s memoir that touched each truth through the experiences in Auschwitz. Elie Wiesel shows the reader how he personally changes, the true meaning of the word â€Å"night†, and Biblical allusions to describe the suffrage, inhumanity, and pain he experiences during the holocaust that affected his life forever. Research Papers on NightComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyMind TravelHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionThree Concepts of PsychodynamicEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenHip-Hop is ArtThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)The Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use

Monday, November 4, 2019

Scheduling Management in Tunnel Construction Projects Literature review

Scheduling Management in Tunnel Construction Projects - Literature review Example 45). Scheduling management Scheduling management is very important to any project because it entails helpful techniques applicable while managing activities involved in projects. Managers practice scheduling management before starting up a project, which involves. Pointing out the task that interests an individual, estimating the total period that the task will take, and distributing resources needed to perform that task, finally deciding on when the task will commence. In the procession of a project, monitoring is important as it ensures that scheduling management predicts the future of a project. An effective scheduling management helps the project administrator to ascertain that a project is within the expected cost, time and certain standards of quality (Kerzner, 2009, p. 47). Scheduling management techniques There are two types of scheduling management techniques applied in projects in order to enhance efficiency. These techniques include the Milestone chart and the Gantt chart. In projects, Milestone chart is very imperative as it identifies vital events that occur during the implementation of a project, it usually reflects critical issues in a project, which without controlling on time will lead to delays in a project. Milestone chart is very reasonable about deadlines as it entails installation of equipment, changes in a new system, completion of systems and file conversations. However, Gantt charts occur either in a horizontal bar shape or as a line chart and it indicates the activities that the project entails written in the left hand side of the chart. In addition, it contains the time scale of a project indicated at either the top or bottom of the chart, a line drawn showing the project’s estimated period and another line showing the dependencies among the project activities and the time used (Kerzner 2009). According to the construction industry, Gantt chart represents a scientific method of management that helps individuals to break down th e processes involved in projects. This chart divides a whole project into distinct task, methods of performing the tasks, cost and time spend on the task, and finally it monitors the entire project (Kerzner 2009). Steps for better scheduling management In order to come up with a successful project, it is important for project managers to observe the following scheduling management steps. Firstly, managers should implement a scope letter entailing the price of a project, which will be of benefit while negotiating for project schedule. Secondly, they should make a worksheet and compare it with the one provided by the contractor of the project; managers should also make notes indicating the commencement date of a project and when it will end. Managers should ensure that they recheck for logic problems in their work before they proceed because errors resulting from logic leads to poor projects. The project schedule should include separate person-hours allocated for each task in order to make it detailed and organized. The manager should carry out resource loading to ensure equal allocation of resources and tasks within a given time. Later, he/she should determine the total resources desirable in performing the project

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Organisational Profile of Treatment Center for Cancer Assignment

Organisational Profile of Treatment Center for Cancer - Assignment Example As such, it is able to meet its common purpose- the provision of hope to patients through best care is given by the best people who have done the best research in cancer care. The organization is located at Outram Medical Campus, 11 Hospital Drive in Singapore. This is about 500 meters from Outram Park Station. It also nears the New Bridge Road bus terminal. During weekdays, services are offered from 8.30 am to 5.30 pm while on Saturdays, the facility is open from morning until 12.30 pm. Guided by the vision of becoming a leading global cancer center, the organization targets not only the Singapore population but also overseas patients. The environment in health care provision refers to the impact of different related factors as an institution endeavors to give out the best care to its patients. In the development of health care programs, the main objective lies in giving participants an in-depth understanding of the changing environment in the health sector (Caldwell, 2001). Armed with this knowledge, they are now in a better position to develop responses to tackle the challenges as posed by the environment. This results in successful organization strategies. It is important to note that the environment in the healthcare system is dynamic which implies that its state today may be very different in the future. The challenges encountered therefore are different with regard to specific time frames (Ulrich & Zimring, 2004). Critical issues, concerns, and developments must be in line with the environment in order to ensure that the strategy put in place in a healthcare organization are met. The cost of health provision in Singapore is high compared to the country’s total expenditure. In fact, it is among the most expensive health care systems of the world. A lot is spent on the healthcare by the country which impacts on the country’s economy.  

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Socrates, the father of western philosophy who discussed the Essay

Socrates, the father of western philosophy who discussed the importance of thinking philosophically in his work the Apology - Essay Example For Socrates, a â€Å"good life† is a â€Å"truthful life† achieved through learning and discussion of one’s own experiences in life. From him, the didactic way of learning sprang, where wisdom is ultimately achieved through conversation and questions, such the one posited above. By examination, we appeal to the intellect and learn what is true. Now to an extent, this may lead to a good life because in knowing our end, we can accept it as proper to man and we can deem it as possible to achieve. However, Socrates was only half correct in supposing that an examination of life is what makes worth living- â€Å"living† and experiencing the truthful life is what makes it worth living. At least for me, what is the point of having an idea without actually â€Å"realizing† it, without acting this ideal life out? Because the truth is, life is not just ideas but our goals is something concrete and material- especially if you will it. The disparity between â€Å"what is† and â€Å"what ought† has long caused debate because ideas may be easy to assume but hard to put in practice. This is where my personally philosophy of walking one’s talk comes in: I assume that everyone wants a happy life, but how many people work hard to achieve that life perhaps by being truthful in one’s thoughts and

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Description of a Response Journal Essay Example for Free

Description of a Response Journal Essay Journals provide learners with an opportunity to record their personal thoughts, emotions, ideas, questions, reflections, connections, and new learning on what they hear, view, read, write, discuss and think. â€Å"What we as educators want is that their writing enable students to personalize a story and gain insights about the character, to help them reflect, and to help them see the world in a different way.† (Brownlie, 2005) â€Å"Our reflections are the making of deeper meaning and richer understandings. Our reflections are our dreams, our ideas, our questions, our initiatives, our visions – our journeys of lifelong learning and teaching. † (Schwartz Bone, 1995) Why are Response Journals an effective reading strategy? Response journals allow the students to â€Å"remember to hold on to their thinking† about what they are reading. (Zimmermann, 1997) Response journals are easily implemented at all levels. They can be used to target specific outcomes of the Provincial ELA Curriculum. Response journals can be used with any genre of literature (poetry, short stories, media text, novel studies) and in different content areas that use expository text. When should Response Journals be introduced? Response journals should be introduced as soon as possible using scaffolding such as sentence frames or prompts to start. The goal should be to have students enter the middle years feeling comfortable with recording their responses to reading with little or no scaffolding. How can I ensure student success? Choose poetry, stories or books with enough depth to elicit responses. Students should have the opportunity to discuss the reading before ever being asked to write a response. Use of the â€Å"Say Something† strategy (Brownlie, 2005) creates an atmosphere of acceptance and trust. Modeling, scaffolding, building criteria with students and practice with feedback are the most important tools for improving the quality of responses. Scaffolding is the use of a variety of starters, frames and graphic organizers to allow students to develop thoughtful responses. If needed, open ended prompts may be used for some students. (See Appendix) Modeling is critical to the success of student journal writing. Teachers need to model their thinking about a selected piece of text and how that thinking can be used to form a written response. This needs to be done regularly throughout the year with a variety of texts and responses. Students require frequent practice in the various forms of journal writing. The teacher must provide feedback based on criteria that has been developed with the students. This practice with feedback allows students to monitor their growth and set goals for future journal responses. What are the different formats for Response Journals? (See Appendix for examples) 1. Double Entry Journal This is the most common response journal. The page is divided in half lengthwise. One side refers to a specific piece of text in the form of a quote or a summary. The specific text may target a literary strategy, technique or element of the author’s craft. It may also elicit a personal response such as a connection, feeling or opinion. The other side targets the students’ thoughts regarding the selected piece of text. 2. Diary Entry In this style, the student writes from the point of view of one of the characters. It should include what the character might be thinking or feeling. 3. Illustration Students draw or illustrate a specific scene using thought bubbles or captions to show the character’s thoughts and feelings or demonstrate the scene’s importance. (Brownlie, 2005) 4. Interview The student makes up questions they would ask one of the main characters. The questions are answered in the characters â€Å"voice†. 5. Letter There are many options in this response. Students may write a letter to a character, to the author, to the teacher, to a friend, to another student. In the letter they are asking questions or sharing ideas about what they have read. At times, certain letter types could be responded to in the same fashion as a Dialogue Journal. 6. Dialogue Journal Students reading the same novel work in pairs. They write a reflection to their partner in response to the novel. The following day, they exchange journals and write back to their partner. (Brownlie, 2005) 7.Graphic Organizers Graphic organizers such as KWL Charts, Mind Maps, Venn Diagrams, Timelines, Bar Line Graphs are used to assist students in constructing meaning from text. 8.Coding the Text There are a variety of coding techniques including the use of stickies or highlighting to target specific elements of text such as vocabulary, figurative language, and confusing parts of text, questions and memorable quotes. If specific letter/symbol codes are being used, they should be developed in collaboration with your students and clearly posted in your room. How do I assess my students’ journal responses? Teachers assess for content not conventions. Students must be part of the criteria setting process. This will enable students to set clear and realistic goals. Teachers may choose to examine journal entries as evidence of student writing at the draft stage. However, this does not mean that students cannot choose one of their responses to take through the writing process and publish at a later date. How do I build and use criteria with my students? Criteria are the standards by which something can be judged or valued. When we determine these criteria, we are deciding what counts. Teachers set criteria with their students. When students are involved in developing criteria, they are much more likely to understand what is expected of them, â€Å"buy in†, and then accomplish the task successfully. A four step process for setting criteria with students encourages student participation, understanding and ownership. The first three steps should be carried out before or as students are beginning their project or assignment. †¢Brainstorm †¢Sort and Categorize †¢Make and Post a T-Chart †¢Add, Reuse, Refine For further information on setting criteria, refer to Setting and Using Criteria. Copyright 1997. Kathleen Gregory, Caren Cameron, Anne Davies, Connections Publishing. How do I tie the Reading Continuum descriptors to my students’ journal responses? At every level of the continuum, there are descriptors that can be assessed by some type of journal response. For example, at the Expanding Level students should be able to â€Å"express opinions with evidence from the text†. In the journal response, the teacher should be looking for opinions supported with evidence from the text. The teacher should see evidence of this at least three times before noting this skill on the reading continuum.